With the Higher Education Act of the Federal State of Baden-Württemberg, which came into force in 2005, the legislator transferred more decision-making autonomy and responsibility to the universities. It particularly strengthens the position of the rectorate. It is supported by the University Council as a controlling body, which is similar to a supervisory board as far as its function is concerned. At the same time, the Act increases the self-responsibility of the faculties.

The bodies of self-administration of the Hochschule Ulm encompass the University Council, the Senate, the Faculty Council, the student representation group as well as the Staff Council.